A is pronounced like the sound your doctor tells you to make when he puts a Popsicle stick on your tongue. Like "ahh"
B & V have the exact same pronunciation. The sound is similar to the English "b", but softer and with more of a "bv" combination sound. (vivir, beber).
C is pronounced as the English "k" when followed by "a", "o", or "u" (caja, colour and culebra). However, "c" is pronounced as the English "s" when followed by an "e" or an "i" (cerveza, cinta).
CH is pronounced as "ch" in "church".
D is pronounced softer in Spanish than in English. "D" after a vowel or at the end of the word is pronounced like the English "d", only much lighter (encarnado, Madrid).
G can be pronounced hard as in the English words goose or game, or soft as in the English words "gem" or "giraffe". Different "g" sounds occur in the English language as well, according to the letters following the "g". As in English, the Spanish "g" is generally soft when followed by an "e" or an "i" and hard when followed by an "a", "o" or "u". The hard "g" pronunciation is the same in Spanish and English, whereas the soft "g" sound differs. The "g" in ganar (to win, earn) is the same as the English version in grape or gain. However, the soft "g" in Spanish is pronounced like the English letter "h". For example, the soft "g" in gente (people) or gimnasio (gymnasium) is pronounced like the English "h" in head or hello.
An exception to the Spanish pronunciation rule exists when the letter "g" precedes the letters "ue" or "ui". The Spanish g is a hard sound before the letters "e" or "i" if the letter "u" is placed after the "g" and before the "e" or "i". The intent of the "u" after the "g" is to make the hard "g" sound and thus the "u" is not pronounced. The hard "g" sound exists and the "u" is silent as in the words guerilla and guitarra (guitar).
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